linux下nginx设置静态页面压缩反向代理 缓存和过期时间教程

使用nginx服务器的朋友可能都知道需要设置html静态页面缓存与页面压缩与过期时间的设置了，下面我来给各位同学介绍一下配置方法，包括对ico,gif,bmp,jpg,jpeg,swf,js,css,mp3文件进行本地缓存.
可以通过nginx对服务器上的静态资源进行过期时间设置和对资源进行压缩传输来减少服务器的带宽开销。
以下是nginx对静态资源过期时间的设置方法：

location ~* .(ico|gif|bmp|jpg|jpeg|png|swf|js|css|mp3) {
    root /var/www/v.jiloc.com;
    expires 3d;
}

上面的配置可以对ico,gif,bmp,jpg,jpeg,swf,js,css,mp3文件进行本地缓存，不用每次访问都重新从服务器获取。
压缩的配置如下：

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1000;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css;

对文本、js和css文件进行压缩，一般情况下，压缩后的大小是原始大小的25%，甚至更小。
缓存动态页面,缓存过期时间

这里用虚拟机配置了下,nginx 配置文件内容,主要是这一句：

proxy_cache_path /www/ levels=1:2 keys_zone=Z:10m inactive=1m max_size=30g;

这一句定义一个区域，名字是 Z ，在内存中的空间为10MB ，硬盘中的最大空间为 30G;

inactive=1m 是，1分钟之后缓存失效 ，从新从源服务器请求
这里纠正一下，inactive=1m 如果缓存1分钟没人访问，nginx 会删除掉这些缓存

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid       logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;

#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
#                '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
#                '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log  logs/access.log  main;

sendfile       on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

#keepalive_timeout  0;
keepalive_timeout  65;

#gzip  on;
proxy_cache_path /www/ levels=1:2 keys_zone=Z:10m inactive=1m max_size=30g;
server {
listen       80;
server_name  localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

location / {
root   /www/;
#expires max;

#proxy_store on;
#proxy_store_access user:rw group:rw all:rw;
#proxy_temp_path /www/;
proxy_cache Z;
proxy_cache_valid 200 1m;
#expires max;
include proxy.conf;

if ( !-e $request_filename) {
    proxy_pass  http://192.168.1.199:45815;
}
}
#这里设置当 访问 /ajax/目录下的内容时候，直接从源服务器读取，主要用于ajax 的访问请求，要求实时的
location /ajax/ {

include proxy.conf;
if ( !-e $request_filename) {
    proxy_pass  http://192.168.1.199:45815;
}
}

#location ~.*.(jpg|png|jpeg|gif)
#{
#    expires max;
#}

#error_page  404             /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root   html;
}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ .php$ {
#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ .php$ {
#    root          html;
#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
#    fastcgi_index  index.php;
#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#    include       fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
#    deny  all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
#    listen       8000;
#    listen       somename:8080;
#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

#    location / {
#       root   html;
#       index  index.html index.htm;
#    }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
#    listen       443;
#    server_name  localhost;

#    ssl                on;
#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

#    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

#    location / {
#       root   html;
#       index  index.html index.htm;
#    }
#}

}

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf

proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding 'gzip';
client_max_body_size 100m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;proxy_connect_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 60;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_buffers 8 512k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 512k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 512k;